Climate zones in Andorra, 1991 to 2020
Share of Andorra's classified land in each Köppen-Geiger zone in 1991 to 2020. Zones under 0.05% are left out. The 714 map cells used cover 100% of the country's outline (about 452 km²).
By major group: D (cold (continental)) 81%, C (temperate) 10%, E (polar) 9%.
Dfc, subarctic (boreal), is the main climate of Andorra, covering 52% of its classified land in 1991 to 2020, with Dfb (warm-summer humid continental) next at 28%. In plain terms, subarctic (boreal) means long, cold winters and short, cool summers. Under the middle-of-the-road scenario (SSP2-4.5), 66% of its land is projected to be in a different zone by 2071 to 2099, with the biggest gain going to Dfb (warm-summer humid continental). The most common zone would then be Dfb (warm-summer humid continental).
How Andorra's zones have changed and may change
Each row compares a map with 1991 to 2020. "Share in a different zone" is the share of the country's area whose class is different from 1991 to 2020. Future rows are model projections under an emissions scenario, not forecasts.
| Map | Share in a different zone | Different major group | Biggest gain | Biggest loss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 to 1930 (past) | 50% | 37% | Dfc +14.6 percentage points | ET -28.4 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP1-2.6 (low emissions) | 35% | 15% | Dfb +14 percentage points | Dfc -11.2 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 (middle of the road) | 66% | 21% | Dfb +30.5 percentage points | Dfc -33.5 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP5-8.5 (high emissions) | 95% | 33% | Dfb +37.4 percentage points | Dfc -52.2 percentage points |
For the past row, the comparison runs the other way: the 1901 to 1930 map against 1991 to 2020.
Zone shares by map
| Zone | 1901 to 1930 | 1991 to 2020 | SSP1-2.6 (2071 to 2099) | SSP2-4.5 (2071 to 2099) | SSP5-8.5 (2071 to 2099) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dfc Subarctic (boreal) | 38% | 52% | 41% | 19% | - |
| Dfb Warm-summer humid continental | 23% | 28% | 42% | 59% | 66% |
| Cfb Temperate oceanic | 2.2% | 10% | 17% | 20% | 9.7% |
| ET Tundra | 37% | 9% | - | - | - |
| Cfa Humid subtropical | - | - | - | 2.5% | 25% |
Percentages are of the country's classified land in each map. A dash means under 0.05%.
Zones found in Andorra
Data: Beck et al. (2023), CC BY 4.0; country outlines from Natural Earth. In 1901 to 1930 the most common zone was Dfc. See data sources and licences.