Climate Zone Map

Indonesia climate zones

The most common zone is Af, tropical rainforest, covering 85% of the land in 1991 to 2020.

World map of Köppen-Geiger climate zones, 1991 to 2020Tap or scroll to load the interactive map

Period shown on the map
80%

Köppen-Geiger classes are based on 30-year averages of temperature and rain, not on the weather on any one day.

Key

A: Tropical

  • Af Tropical rainforest
  • Am Tropical monsoon
  • Aw Tropical savannah

B: Arid

  • BWh Hot desert
  • BWk Cold desert
  • BSh Hot semi-arid (steppe)
  • BSk Cold semi-arid (steppe)

C: Temperate

  • Csa Hot-summer Mediterranean
  • Csb Warm-summer Mediterranean
  • Csc Cold-summer Mediterranean
  • Cwa Humid subtropical with dry winter
  • Cwb Subtropical highland (dry winter)
  • Cwc Cold subtropical highland (dry winter)
  • Cfa Humid subtropical
  • Cfb Temperate oceanic
  • Cfc Subpolar oceanic

D: Cold (continental)

  • Dsa Hot-summer continental with dry summer
  • Dsb Warm-summer continental with dry summer
  • Dsc Subarctic with dry summer
  • Dsd Subarctic with dry summer and very cold winter
  • Dwa Hot-summer continental with dry winter
  • Dwb Warm-summer continental with dry winter
  • Dwc Subarctic with dry winter
  • Dwd Subarctic with dry winter and very cold winter
  • Dfa Hot-summer humid continental
  • Dfb Warm-summer humid continental
  • Dfc Subarctic (boreal)
  • Dfd Subarctic with very cold winter

E: Polar

  • ET Tundra
  • EF Ice cap (frost)

How to read the map. Each colour is a Köppen-Geiger climate class. The first letter is the major group (A tropical, B arid, C temperate, D cold, E polar); the other letters say how dry it is and how warm or cold. Tap anywhere to see the class under that spot in 1901 to 1930, 1991 to 2020 and, under three emissions scenarios, 2071 to 2099. The codes and names are always given in words, because colour alone is hard to tell apart for some people.

Climate zones in Indonesia, 1991 to 2020

Share of Indonesia's classified land in each Köppen-Geiger zone in 1991 to 2020. Zones under 0.05% are left out. The 2,175,546 map cells used cover 99% of the country's outline (about 1,863,512 km²).

Af Tropical rainforest85%
Am Tropical monsoon6.9%
Aw Tropical savannah4%
Cfb Temperate oceanic3.9%
ET Tundra0.3%
Cwb Subtropical highland (dry winter)0.2%

By major group: A (tropical) 96%, C (temperate) 4.1%, E (polar) 0.3%.

Af, tropical rainforest, is the main climate of Indonesia, covering 85% of its classified land in 1991 to 2020, with Am (tropical monsoon) next at 6.9%. In plain terms, tropical rainforest means hot, wet and green every month of the year. Under the middle-of-the-road scenario (SSP2-4.5), 3.7% of its land is projected to be in a different zone by 2071 to 2099, with the biggest gain going to Am (tropical monsoon).

How Indonesia's zones have changed and may change

Each row compares a map with 1991 to 2020. "Share in a different zone" is the share of the country's area whose class is different from 1991 to 2020. Future rows are model projections under an emissions scenario, not forecasts.

MapShare in a different zoneDifferent major groupBiggest gainBiggest loss
1901 to 1930 (past)3.5%0.6%Am +0.9 percentage pointsCfb -0.6 percentage points
2071 to 2099, SSP1-2.6 (low emissions)3.1%1.1%Am +0.4 percentage pointsCfb -0.9 percentage points
2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 (middle of the road)3.7%1.9%Am +0.9 percentage pointsCfb -1.5 percentage points
2071 to 2099, SSP5-8.5 (high emissions)5.7%2.7%Am +1.9 percentage pointsCfb -2.1 percentage points

For the past row, the comparison runs the other way: the 1901 to 1930 map against 1991 to 2020.

Zone shares by map

Zone1901 to 19301991 to 2020SSP1-2.6 (2071 to 2099)SSP2-4.5 (2071 to 2099)SSP5-8.5 (2071 to 2099)
Af Tropical rainforest84%85%85%85%85%
Am Tropical monsoon6%6.9%7.3%7.8%8.8%
Aw Tropical savannah4.6%4%4.3%4.1%4.2%
Cfb Temperate oceanic4.5%3.9%3%2.5%1.8%
ET Tundra0.3%0.3%0.2%0.2%-
Cwb Subtropical highland (dry winter)0.2%0.2%0.1%0.1%0.1%

Percentages are of the country's classified land in each map. A dash means under 0.05%.

Cities in Indonesia and their climate zones

City1991 to 20202071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5
JakartaAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
SurabayaAw Tropical savannahAw Tropical savannah
BekasiAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
BandungAm Tropical monsoonAm Tropical monsoon
MedanAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
DepokAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
TangerangAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
PalembangAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
SemarangAm Tropical monsoonAm Tropical monsoon
MakassarAm Tropical monsoonAm Tropical monsoon
South TangerangAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
BatamAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
JeparaAm Tropical monsoonAm Tropical monsoon
PekanbaruAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
Bandar LampungAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
BogorAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
PadangAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
MalangAm Tropical monsoonAm Tropical monsoon
SamarindaAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
TasikmalayaAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
SerangAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
BalikpapanAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
PontianakAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
SitubondoAw Tropical savannahAw Tropical savannah
DenpasarAm Tropical monsoonAm Tropical monsoon
BanjarmasinAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest
Jambi CityAf Tropical rainforestAf Tropical rainforest

Zones found in Indonesia

All countries · All climate zones

Data: Beck et al. (2023), CC BY 4.0; country outlines from Natural Earth. In 1901 to 1930 the most common zone was Af. See data sources and licences.

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