Climate zones in Philippines, 1991 to 2020
Share of Philippines's classified land in each Köppen-Geiger zone in 1991 to 2020. Zones under 0.05% are left out. The 342,095 map cells used cover 98% of the country's outline (about 286,935 km²).
By major group: A (tropical) 98%, C (temperate) 2.4%.
Af, tropical rainforest, is the main climate of Philippines, covering 66% of its classified land in 1991 to 2020, with Am (tropical monsoon) next at 27%. In plain terms, tropical rainforest means hot, wet and green every month of the year. Under the middle-of-the-road scenario (SSP2-4.5), 7.3% of its land is projected to be in a different zone by 2071 to 2099, with the biggest gain going to Am (tropical monsoon).
How Philippines's zones have changed and may change
Each row compares a map with 1991 to 2020. "Share in a different zone" is the share of the country's area whose class is different from 1991 to 2020. Future rows are model projections under an emissions scenario, not forecasts.
| Map | Share in a different zone | Different major group | Biggest gain | Biggest loss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 to 1930 (past) | 12% | 0.9% | Af +7.3 percentage points | Am -6.7 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP1-2.6 (low emissions) | 6.1% | 0.8% | Am +2.2 percentage points | Aw -1.2 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 (middle of the road) | 7.3% | 1.3% | Am +4.2 percentage points | Aw -1.6 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP5-8.5 (high emissions) | 9.7% | 1.8% | Am +7 percentage points | Af -3.8 percentage points |
For the past row, the comparison runs the other way: the 1901 to 1930 map against 1991 to 2020.
Zone shares by map
| Zone | 1901 to 1930 | 1991 to 2020 | SSP1-2.6 (2071 to 2099) | SSP2-4.5 (2071 to 2099) | SSP5-8.5 (2071 to 2099) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Af Tropical rainforest | 59% | 66% | 66% | 65% | 62% |
| Am Tropical monsoon | 34% | 27% | 29% | 31% | 34% |
| Aw Tropical savannah | 4.3% | 4.6% | 3.4% | 3% | 3.2% |
| Cwb Subtropical highland (dry winter) | 2% | 1.4% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 0.4% |
| Cfb Temperate oceanic | 1.3% | 0.9% | 0.7% | 0.4% | 0.1% |
| Cfa Humid subtropical | - | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | - |
Percentages are of the country's classified land in each map. A dash means under 0.05%.
Cities in Philippines and their climate zones
| City | 1991 to 2020 | 2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 |
|---|---|---|
| Quezon City | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Davao | Af Tropical rainforest | Af Tropical rainforest |
| Caloocan | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Manila | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Taguig | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Budta | Af Tropical rainforest | Af Tropical rainforest |
| Malingao | Af Tropical rainforest | Af Tropical rainforest |
| Zamboanga | Af Tropical rainforest | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Cebu City | Af Tropical rainforest | Af Tropical rainforest |
| Antipolo | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Pasig City | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| Cagayan de Oro | Af Tropical rainforest | Af Tropical rainforest |
| Valenzuela | Am Tropical monsoon | Am Tropical monsoon |
| General Santos | Af Tropical rainforest | Aw Tropical savannah |
| Paranaque City | Aw Tropical savannah | Aw Tropical savannah |
| Las Piñas | Aw Tropical savannah | Aw Tropical savannah |
Zones found in Philippines
Data: Beck et al. (2023), CC BY 4.0; country outlines from Natural Earth. In 1901 to 1930 the most common zone was Af. See data sources and licences.