Climate zones in Serbia, 1991 to 2020
Share of Serbia's classified land in each Köppen-Geiger zone in 1991 to 2020. Zones under 0.05% are left out. The 125,932 map cells used cover 100% of the country's outline (about 77,480 km²).
By major group: C (temperate) 68%, D (cold (continental)) 32%.
Cfa, humid subtropical, is the main climate of Serbia, covering 63% of its classified land in 1991 to 2020, with Dfb (warm-summer humid continental) next at 31%. In plain terms, humid subtropical means hot, humid summers and mild winters, with rain all year. Under the middle-of-the-road scenario (SSP2-4.5), 28% of its land is projected to be in a different zone by 2071 to 2099, with the biggest gain going to Cfa (humid subtropical).
How Serbia's zones have changed and may change
Each row compares a map with 1991 to 2020. "Share in a different zone" is the share of the country's area whose class is different from 1991 to 2020. Future rows are model projections under an emissions scenario, not forecasts.
| Map | Share in a different zone | Different major group | Biggest gain | Biggest loss |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1901 to 1930 (past) | 51% | 50% | Cfa +44.8 percentage points | Dfb -43 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP1-2.6 (low emissions) | 23% | 17% | Cfa +19.9 percentage points | Dfb -16.7 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 (middle of the road) | 28% | 22% | Cfa +27.7 percentage points | Dfb -21.7 percentage points |
| 2071 to 2099, SSP5-8.5 (high emissions) | 37% | 31% | Cfa +36.6 percentage points | Dfb -30.4 percentage points |
For the past row, the comparison runs the other way: the 1901 to 1930 map against 1991 to 2020.
Zone shares by map
| Zone | 1901 to 1930 | 1991 to 2020 | SSP1-2.6 (2071 to 2099) | SSP2-4.5 (2071 to 2099) | SSP5-8.5 (2071 to 2099) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cfa Humid subtropical | 18% | 63% | 82% | 90% | 99% |
| Dfb Warm-summer humid continental | 74% | 31% | 14% | 9.4% | 0.7% |
| Cfb Temperate oceanic | 1% | 5.8% | 3.1% | 0.3% | - |
| Dfa Hot-summer humid continental | 6.6% | 0.4% | - | 0.1% | 0.1% |
| Dfc Subarctic (boreal) | 0.5% | 0.2% | - | - | - |
Percentages are of the country's classified land in each map. A dash means under 0.05%.
Cities in Serbia and their climate zones
| City | 1991 to 2020 | 2071 to 2099, SSP2-4.5 |
|---|---|---|
| Belgrade | Cfa Humid subtropical | Cfa Humid subtropical |
Zones found in Serbia
Data: Beck et al. (2023), CC BY 4.0; country outlines from Natural Earth. In 1901 to 1930 the most common zone was Dfb. See data sources and licences.